Capital letters and cases
There are several ways to use capital letters in words and phrases. These are known as ‘cases’.
The most common cases are title, sentence, lower and upper case. More recently, technology has brought about some new and rather creatively named cases, such as kebab case and camel case.
Following is a brief summary of each type. See the individual entries on the main types for more details on when to use them.
Title case
Use for full, formal titles and names, plus defined terms and hashtags
Macquarie Dictionary
Indigo Insurance
Sentence case
Use for regular sentences, headings and presentation slides
We had a productive meeting with Jo.
How to contact us
Lower case
Use for common nouns, generic titles and names, and online addresses
a chair
the minister
www.bluey.biz
Upper case
Use for most acronyms and initialisms, but avoid elsewhere
ASEAN
WA
Camel case
Use for irregular product or company names, and in some hashtags
iPad
PowerPoint
#PlainLanguage
Snake case
Use in some file labels, especially for web downloads
effective_writing_checklist
Kebab case
Use in web addresses for the directory path
/our-product-lines
